by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
Bandwidth Efficiency Spectral efficiency Spectral efficiency, spectrum efficiency or bandwidth efficiency refers to the information rate that can be transmitted over a given bandwidth in a specific communication system. It is a measure of how efficiently a limited...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
16 QAM 16-QUADRATURE AMPLITUDE MODULATION(16 QAM): Both amplitude and phase gets modulated. 4 bits encoded forming and producing 16 different outputa are possible. N = 4, M = 2N = 24 = 16 Therefore 16 output phases will be produced. 16 QAM transmitter: Each channel...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
8 QAM 8-QUADRATURE AMPLITUDE MODULATION(8-QAM): The amplitude gets changed in 8-QAM , and it is not a constant value. 3 bits encoded forming tribits and producing 8 different output phase. N = 3, M = 2N = 23 = 8 Therefore 8 output phases will be produced. 8-QAM...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is both an analog and a digital modulation scheme. It conveys two analog message signals, or two digital bit streams, by changing (modulating) the amplitudes of two carrier waves, using the...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
16 PSK 16-PHASE SHIFT KEYING (16-PSK): Angle modulated with constant amplitude digital modulation. 4 bits encoded forming and producing 16 different outputa are possible. N = 4, M = 2N = 24 = 16 Therefore 16 output phases will be produced Each channel bit rate is...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
8 PSK 8-PSK modulation basics or multilevel PSK modulation which is a type of digital modulation based on carrier phase change. In Phase Shift keying modulation or PSK modulation phase of carrier is changed according to the digital data. It is digital modulation...
